Psychopathology

Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS)

Positive Symptoms

  1. Delusions
  2. Conceptual disorganization
  3. Hallucinations
  4. Excitement
  5. Grandiosity
  6. Suspiciousness/persecution
  7. Hostility

Negative Symptoms

  1. Blunted affect
  2. Emotional withdrawal
  3. Poor rapport
  4. Passive/apathetic social withdrawal
  5. Difficulty in abstract thinking
  6. Lack of spontaneity and flow of conversation
  7. Stereotyped thinking

General Psychopathology

  1. Somatic concern
  2. Anxiety
  3. Guilt feelings
  4. Tension
  5. Mannerisms and posturing
  6. Depression
  7. Motor retardation
  8. Uncooperativeness
  9. Unusual thought content
  10. Disorientation
  11. Poor attention
  12. Lack of judgment and insight
  13. Disturbance of volition
  14. Poor impulse control
  15. Preoccupation
  16. Active social avoidance

 

Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS)

Hallucinations

  1. Auditory Hallucinations
  2. Voices Commenting
  3. Voices Conversing
  4. Somatic or Tactile Hallucinations
  5. Olfactory Hallucinations
  6. Visual Hallucinations
  7. Global Rating of Severity of Hallucinations

Delusions

  1. Persecutory Delusions
  2. Delusions of Jealousy
  3. Delusions of Sin or Guilt
  4. Grandiose Delusions
  5. Religious Delusions
  6. Somatic Delusions
  7. Ideas and Delusions of Reference
  8. Delusions of Being Controlled
  9. Delusions of Mind Reading
  10. Thought Broadcasting
  11. Thought Insertion
  12. Thought Withdrawal
  13. Global Rating of Severity of Delusions

Bizarre Behaviour

  1. Clothing and Appearance
  2. Social and Sexual Behavior
  3. Aggressive and Agitated Behavior
  4. Repetitive or Stereotyped Behavior
  5. Global Rating of Severity of Bizarre Behavior

Positive Formal Thought Disorder

  1. Derailment (loose associations)
  2. Tangentiality
  3. Incoherence (Word salad, Schizophasia)
  4. Illogicality
  5. Circumstantiality
  6. Pressure of speech
  7. Distractible speech
  8. Clanging
  9. Global Rating of Positive Formal Thought Disorder

 

Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS)

Affective Flattening or Blunting

  1. Unchanging Facial Expression
  2. Decreased Spontaneous Movements
  3. Paucity of Expressive Gestures
  4. Poor Eye Contact
  5. Affective Nonresponsivity
  6. Lack of Vocal Inflections
  7. Global Rating of Affective Flattening
  8. Inappropriate Affect

Alogia

  1. Poverty of Speech
  2. Poverty of Content of Speech
  3. Blocking
  4. Increased Latency of Response
  5. Global Rating of Alogia

Avolition – Apathy

  1. Grooming and Hygiene
  2. Impersistence at Work or School
  3. Physical Anergia
  4. Global Rating of Avolition – Apathy

Anhedonia – Asociality

  1. Recreational Interests and Activities
  2. Sexual Interest and Activity
  3. Ability to Feel Intimacy and Closeness
  4. Relationships with Friends and Peers
  5. Global Rating of Anhedonia-Asociality

Attention

  1. Social Inattentiveness
  2. Inattentiveness During Mental Status Testing
  3. Global Rating of Attention
  4. Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS)

 

Brief Negative Symptom Scale (BNSS)

  1. Anhedonia
  2. Distress
  3. Asociality
  4. Avolition
  5. Blunted affect
  6. Alogia